What you will know
Know which radiotelephony objectives sets, which of them belong to the advanced Communications topic and which to the Crew member radios topic, and what the empty cells in that table do and do not mean.
Before this lesson
- You know that the knowledge requirements for the pilot certificate are set by , and that the examinations are built on it. TP15263 area8
- You know who may transmit at all: aeronautical radio apparatus may be operated only by a person holding a Restricted Operator Certificate with Aeronautical Qualification, and the equipment must be licensed. AIM 3.2.6
- You know the frequencies the AIM's Table 3.1 gives for uncontrolled airspace and for uncontrolled, unassigned aerodromes, because the syllabus assumes you can find a frequency before you use one. AIM 3.2.6
How it works
1. The table has two categories, and one of them is not advanced-only
Section 8 is a table of sample learning objectives, and it is organised by type of operation, category and topic. Two categories carry radio objectives: TP15263 area8
| Category | Who it applies to | Topics listed |
|---|---|---|
| Communications | advanced | Canada Operator Certificate — with Aeronautical Qualification; Terminology; Common frequencies; Emergencies TP15263 area8 |
| Crew member radios | basic, advanced | Terminology; Reception performance TP15263 area8 |
That split is examinable on its own. A crew member radio question is a basic question as much as an advanced one, while the Communications objectives belong to the advanced column. TP15263 area8
2. What the advanced Communications objectives are
The Communications row lists seven objectives, and they are stated as things you can do: TP15263 area8
- interpret aeronautical radio communications — position and phase of flight;
- communicate using standard radio terminology;
- give an example of a routine blind broadcast;
- list the contents of a routine call to ATC;
- give an example of an emergency (flyaway) broadcast;
- distinguish between "height" and "altitude" in communications; and
- give examples of proper radio etiquette, including practices to avoid interfering with other communications. TP15263 area8
Two of those repay a second look. "Height" and "altitude" are different quantities in aviation radiotelephony, which is why the syllabus asks for the distinction rather than the definition; and the flyaway broadcast is an emergency objective, which is why it sits in the Communications category beside the routine call rather than in the Emergencies topic. TP15263 area8
3. What the Crew member radios objectives are
The Crew member radios row lists three objectives, and they are about the crew rather than the certificate holder alone: TP15263 area8
- give an example of an advisory describing a possible aircraft conflict;
- describe factors affecting radio reception range; and
- describe the verbal communication elements in a positive transfer of control or visual following. TP15263 area8
The third one is a handover objective, and the subject is taught in full where the handover rules are. What the table settles is narrower and still worth knowing: the requirement is the verbal communication elements, so a silent handover does not meet it. TP15263 area8
4. What an empty cell means
Most topic rows in this table show a dash where the objectives would be — advanced Terminology, Common frequencies and Emergencies, and basic/advanced Reception performance all read that way. The dashes are an artefact of the source table, which prints the objectives cell only on a category's first row; they are not a statement that no requirement exists. Read the objectives attached to the category, not to the row. TP15263 area8
5. The words themselves
The syllabus asks for the calls, not only for the names of the objectives, and the course can now teach them: NAV CANADA publishes the phraseology Canadian pilots actually use, and the summary below is drawn from it. NAV CANADA vfr-phraseology
Every call has the same four parts — who you are calling, your call sign, where you are and what you want, and the readback when one is required. The listening half of the exchange is as important as the speaking half, because a clearance heard wrongly is more dangerous than one never given. NAV CANADA vfr-phraseology
The standard words are a closed vocabulary, and two are read wrongly most often: ROGER means only that the transmission was received — it is not a permission — and STANDBY means wait, not no. NAV CANADA vfr-phraseology
A routine call to ATC names the unit, gives the aircraft type as well as the manufacturer and the call sign, then the position and the request. On a busy frequency the words that carry no information are dropped and the call sign and the request stay. NAV CANADA vfr-phraseology
A blind broadcast is a position report on a frequency where no unit will answer — a mandatory frequency or an aerodrome traffic frequency. The call sign, position, altitude and intentions are given anyway, because the other aircraft listening are the audience. NAV CANADA vfr-phraseology
The readback is not required for every transmission in VFR flight, but it is expected where a mistake is costliest: runway instructions (including hold short, which must be read back), route clearances, the runway in use, the altimeter setting, level, heading and speed instructions, and transponder codes. NAV CANADA vfr-phraseology
An emergency call is MAYDAY when the aircraft is threatened by serious or imminent danger, and PAN PAN when there is a problem that needs attention but not immediate assistance. Both are said three times, and the MAYDAY call then gives the call sign, the situation and intentions, the people on board and the endurance remaining. NAV CANADA vfr-phraseology
Etiquette is the regulation seen from the other side: a continuous listening watch, listening before transmitting, planning the call, holding the transmit button down while speaking, a steady voice, and the call sign in every transmission. NAV CANADA vfr-phraseology
Your checklist
| Question | The answer |
|---|---|
| Which categories carry radio objectives? | Communications (advanced) and Crew member radios (basic, advanced) TP15263 area8 |
| How many objectives does the advanced Communications row state? | Seven, from interpreting a call to radio etiquette TP15263 area8 |
| Which row holds the flyaway broadcast? | Communications — it is an emergency objective in the advanced category TP15263 area8 |
| Which row holds the aircraft-conflict advisory? | Crew member radios TP15263 area8 |
| Where does radio etiquette sit? | Communications, not Crew member radios TP15263 area8 |
| Which row holds the verbal elements of a transfer of control? | Crew member radios — Reception performance and Terminology topics TP15263 area8 |
| What do the dashes in the objectives column mean? | The source table fills that cell only on a category's first row TP15263 area8 |
| Who may transmit on these frequencies? | A ROC-A holder, on licensed equipment AIM 3.2.6 |
- The split is advanced for Communications and basic, advanced for Crew member radios TP15263 area8
- The blind broadcast, the ATC call contents and the flyaway broadcast are Communications objectives TP15263 area8
- Radio etiquette is a Communications objective; the aircraft-conflict advisory, reception range and transfer of control are Crew member radios objectives TP15263 area8
- A dash in the objectives column is a table artefact, not an absence of requirement TP15263 area8
Where people go wrong
| Symptom | Likely cause | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| A crew-member radio question is assumed to be advanced-only | Crew member radios is listed for basic, advanced | Answer it as a basic requirement too TP15263 area8 |
| Radio etiquette is filed under Crew member radios | It is stated in the Communications row | Read the category column, not the topic list TP15263 area8 |
| The flyaway broadcast is looked for under Emergencies | It is an objective of the Communications row | Look in Communications TP15263 area8 |
| A dashed topic is read as "not required" | The objectives cell is printed once per category | Read the category's objectives TP15263 area8 |
| The transfer-of-control objective is read as covering the whole handover | It names the verbal communication elements | The handover rules are separate from the radio requirement TP15263 area8 |
| You plan to transmit on the AIM's frequencies without a certificate | Aeronautical radio apparatus needs a ROC-A and a licence | Hold the certificate before transmitting AIM 3.2.6 |
Test yourself
Sources
- , Section 8 — Radiotelephony (the sample learning objectives table)
- NAV CANADA, VFR Phraseology, Version 3 (April 2022) — the calls themselves, summarised in our own words
- — Detecting and Avoiding Traffic (monitoring air traffic frequencies; ROC-A)
What this lesson does not cover
The corpus now carries the calls as well as the requirements: step 5 summarises NAV CANADA's VFR Phraseology in our own words and links to the original, so this lesson teaches the shape of a call and not only the syllabus line that asks for it. What is still unsourced is narrower, and stated rather than implied: the factors that affect radio reception range, the height-and-altitude distinction, and the verbal elements of a transfer of control or visual following are objectives the syllabus names and no ingested document states. The guide's own worked examples are not reproduced either — the link is where those are read, and local procedures differ between units.